Metal Roofing Materials

In the discussion of metal roofing (see Metaldepends on materials beneath the surface that
Roofing: A Buying Guide), the word "metal" coverscould ignite in intense heat, so some metal roofs
a lot of ground. Several metals are used forapplied over an old combustible roof--such as
roofing materials: steel, stainless steel, aluminum,wood shingles-- may be rated lower.
copper and zinc alloys. Each has differentHeat conduction. Metal reflects radiant heat from
properties that affect durability, price, andthe sun, minimizing midday heat gain. Though the
appearance.material itself is low in insulation R-value, many
Steel, used for most metal roofing, is heavier andsystems utilize a dead-air space between the
sturdier than aluminum. Manufacturers havemetal and roof deck to increase energy
settled on a number of durable coatings andefficiency.
finishes that protect steel from rust and corrosion.Minimal roof pitch. Most metal roofing materials
It's usually zinc-coated for corrosion protection,can be installed on gently pitched roofs without
then sealed. A coating of epoxy primer offersdanger of leaking. Typical minimum roof pitch is
adhesion and a baked-on acrylic top coating adds3-in-12 (the roof rises 3 inches for each horizontal
color and protection. Because sheet systems arefoot).
designed for commercial applications, theyMetal Roofing Drawbacks
generally are given highly durable paint finishes.Though metal roofing offers many pluses, there
One popular flurocarbon coating used on manyare a few drawbacks or concerns worthy of
products is called Kynar(r). Stainless steel--a veryconsideration. For the most part, roofing
expensive roofing material--won't rust or corrode.manufacturers have faced these concerns and
Terne coating (see below) can give it a natural,improved their products to address or solve
matt-gray finish.many of them.
Aluminum, extremely lightweight, is the materialCost. The biggest drawback is initial cost. Metal
used in much residential metal roofing. It won'troofing is equivalent to other premium materials:
rust, but must be painted or coated forfrom about $150 to $600 per square (100 square
appearance. Coatings are similar to those used onfeet). The secret is that you get it back if you
steel. Environmentalists express concerns aboutstay in the house for a long time. Of course, if
using this precious resource for purposes such asyou plan to move in a couple of years, you
roofing. Copper metal shingles make a visuallyprobably won't get the cost returned in value.
striking roof that may last as long as the house.Figure you can also save on engineering the
Copper, rooted in centuries of use, will not rust,supporting structure and maintenance.
has no "finish" to scratch or peel, is soft enoughNoise. For some, the sound of rain tapping on the
to easily tool, and weathers naturally to a beautifulroof is romantic and homey; for others, it's like
verdigris patina. Unfortunately, it's very expensive.living inside a drum. In a rainstorm or hailstorm,
Alloys are formulated for strength, gracefulliving beneath thin sheets of metal is bound to be
weathering and durability. Cost depends on thenoisier than beneath thick slate or tile. Noise can
specific material but, as a group, they are pricey.be controlled, however, both by using materials
The Benefits of Metal Roofingthat have structural barriers to minimize the drum
Metal beats out conventional roofing materials oneffect and by applying them over
a number of counts:sound-deadening insulation and solid plywood
Expected life. Properly installed, a metal roofsheathing.
should last as long as the house, completelyDenting. Just as your car will dent if a golf ball hits
sealing out water, surviving high winds and easilyit, a metal roof may dent if large hailstones fall on
shedding snow. Metal is resistant to fire, mildew,it. Aluminum and copper, much softer than steel,
insects and rot. Warranties vary widely but mostare more prone to denting. Some are guaranteed
companies strongly back their products for fromnot to.
20 to 50 years.Though you shouldn't have to walk on a roof that
Weight. Compared to tile at 750 pounds perdoesn't leak, there may be occasions when a
square (an area equal to 100 square feet) orplumber needs to snake out a vent pipe or a
concrete tile at 900 pounds per square, metalchimney sweep will need access to the chimney
roofing is lightweight. Most are from 50 to 150flue. You can walk on some metal roofs, but not
pounds per square. Some types of metal shingleall--depending on how the particular product is
systems may be applied over one or two existingmade and the type of construction supporting it.
roofs without the need for tear-off or addingAlso, metal is slippery when wet.
structural support. In fact, if you're building aMarring. Some painted finishes can peel, chip, fade,
house or an addition, you can often downsize orscratch or chalk, although nearly all are guaranteed
reduce the number of roof support members.for many years. Walking on some
Speed and ease of metal roofing installation. Mosttypes--particularly those with a granulated-stone
metal roofing materials come in multi-shinglesurface--may show wear. Installers must be
sections or in sheets. An accomplished contractorcareful not to scratch or dent roofing during
can install these quickly. If your roof is strippedinstallation--panels must be treated with care.
off and a storm is on the way, shortening theUnlike conventional roofing, some metal shingle
process by a day or two may prove to be asystems are installed from the top down,
critical advantage. Note: You can also buy singleeliminating the need to walk on them. Once
metal shingles that are relatively easy--but timeinstalled, it may be necessary to hose-off roofing
intensive--to install. (Unlike three-tab asphaltnow and then to keep it looking good.
shingles, each piece must be individually placed andExpansion and contraction. Because metal
nailed.)expands and contracts as it warms and cools,
Fire resistance. Because metal roofs aremost new products have fastening systems that
noncombustible, they're given a Class A fire ratingaccount for movement; otherwise, fasteners that
(the most resistant). Part of a roof's classificationsecure roofing tend to work loose.