Bearings for Seawater Immersion Use

No longer is it necessary to just specify simpleWhere low torque anti-friction type bearings are
Nyliner bearings or use ball bearings packed inneeded, plastic ball bearings assemblies are now
grease and hope corrosion doesn't lock up theavailable. These are generally constructed of
bearings at a critical time when used in seawaterAcetel polymer rings and cages and use stainless
spray or immersions environments. Newsteel balls. Originally developed for swimming pool
technologies have brought more choices andcleaners and immersion in photo developing
options to designers and users of bearings insolutions, these bearings are finding favor in a
marine environments. New materials for plainwide range of marine, saltwater applications.
bearings and bushings, plastic ball bearings that canSelf-steering gear for sailboats, for instance, relies
operate entirely without lubrication, and type 316on low torque rotation of shafts sensitive to
stainless steel ball bearings bring new utility andminor variations in wind direction. A plastic raced
performance to marine equipment.ball bearing fits the bill perfectly, can operate
For slow speeds and moderate loads marineentirely without lubricants, and may be employed
equipment designers were restricted to suchin the salt spray zone or completely immersed in
single polymer plain bearings as the Nylon "Nyliner"seawater4 without ill effect. Other application
type bushings, or Acetel (Delrin) type bushings.includes wind directional sensing gear, rotating
While these work fine within their limitedantennas (satellite, radar, etc.) and other places
parameters, when speeds or loads increase, orwhere a zero maintenance lightly loaded ball
bearing wear is of concern, the limitations ofbearing is needed.
these bearings becomes apparent very quickly.Where there are heavier loads and a need to
Nylon bushings absorb water and their runningoperate without lubrication, type 316 ball bearings
torque increases greatly when swollen reducingare now available on the market. These utilize
the internal clearance necessary for a free turningstainless steel rings, stainless steel balls, and
joint. Nylon and Delrin also wear out quicklygenerally plastic cages. These ball bearings can also
whenever dust, dirt or gritty particles, common inoperate above or below the waterline, are able to
seawater are present.withstand substantial loads without lubrication, and
The new polymeric alloys, combining the featureshave been proven to be corrosion free for years.
of many polymers are proving themselves a boonSome marine applications type 316 bearings have
for bushings for seawater use. Materials such asfound favor in, include watertight ship doors,
Polyphenylene Sulfide (PPS or Ryton) PTFEfairlead pulleys, bow rollers, stabilizers, and a host
(Teflon) and Molybdenum Disulfide composites areof other high load, slow to moderate speed
offering greatly increased load carrying capabilitiessaltwater applications.
with substantially longer lives. Such bearings canNo longer does the marine designer or shipboard
be not only be used in bushings in the on-deck,equipment engineer have to rely on constant
salt spray environments, but also fully submergedmaintenance, frequently packing all bearings with
in environments where traditional cutlass typegrease to keep everything rolling smoothly on
bearings are used. Many other modern polymericships and boats exposed to salt spray, saltwater
alloys are now available to accommodate a wideimmersion or other marine environments.
variety of application parameters.