| One of the oldest and most useful engineering | | | | and efficiently. Civil engineers are meant to solve |
| professions is civil engineering. This form of | | | | problems, being frequently confronted with the |
| engineering can be found in various areas of | | | | challenges of pollution, traffic congestion, drinking |
| society and it focuses on the study of structural | | | | water, urban redevelopment and community |
| systems. In time, the demand for civil engineering | | | | planning, being vital for the development of a |
| increased and at present it has diversified into | | | | country. Since construction is a complicated task, |
| several branches of study which include structural | | | | civil engineering doesn’t focus only on the |
| engineering, geotechnical engineering, | | | | aesthetic aspect of a construction but also on the |
| transportation engineering, hydraulic engineering | | | | effects nature can have on a building. |
| and others. Land surveying on the other hand | | | | Another essential aspect in construction is land |
| focuses on detailed analysis of construction | | | | surveying, which is done to verify the accuracy |
| projects such as highways, airstrips and housing | | | | of the existing records and the obtained |
| development. The surveyor is in charge of | | | | information is used to prepare legal documents |
| recording the readings in an accurate manner and | | | | such as deeds and leases. Furthermore, land |
| maintains field notes in order to see if the survey | | | | surveying helps in planning, designing and |
| is accurate. | | | | establishing the boundaries of properties, including |
| The main branches of civil engineering include the | | | | services such as mapping, construction layout |
| following: transportation, environmental, | | | | services, precision measurements of length, angle, |
| geotechnical, structural and water resources. The | | | | elevation, area and volume. This surveying is vital |
| first branch is concerned with developing | | | | in all the forms of construction and it is up to the |
| transportation systems such as highways, airports | | | | surveyor to decide exactly what type of |
| and rail systems, the second one focuses on | | | | surveying you need. |
| wastewater treatment, air pollution management | | | | Usually, land surveying is needed when someone |
| and the handling hazardous wastes, geotechnical | | | | purchases a house or a piece of land. Important |
| engineering includes the design and construction of | | | | investments that are made rarely should be |
| rock and soil based structures, structural | | | | based on accurate information such as record and |
| engineering is all about the design and construction | | | | field research, measurements and calculations. |
| of steel structures while water resources includes | | | | Although land surveying is most of the time |
| the construction of dams, canals and water | | | | unnoticed, this is essential in the land sale process |
| pipeline systems. All these civil engineering | | | | and it asserts that the owners know the locations |
| branches are meant to increase our safety. | | | | of the property boundaries and all the |
| Also, civil engineering requires creativity and | | | | developments that must be done. As a rule, the |
| technical skills in order to make sure the facilities | | | | land survey must be done by licensed surveyors |
| that are essential to modern life operate safely | | | | who know their business. |