| Importance Of Transformer In Field Of
| |
| | of turns. N2/N1 = V2/V1 = I1/I2 = K
|
| Electricity
| |
| | Here N is no of turns, V is voltage I is
|
| The electric power now a days has become
| |
| | current. 1 and 2 denotes primary &
|
| the necessity of people. Every consumers
| |
| | secondary windings respectively. K is
|
| of any category such as commercial,
| |
| | called transformation ratio. For the
|
| residential etc needs electric power. So
| |
| | value of K>1 transformer is step-up type
|
| it has become duty of the government to
| |
| | and for K
|
| generate electric power and transmit it
| |
| | So this is the basic working of
|
| to the consumers safely and
| |
| | transformer.
|
| satisfactorily. The development of a
| |
| | Major Parts Of A Transformer
|
| state depends upon its industry, its
| |
| | A transformer in its complete is a
|
| business and other such options which
| |
| | assembly of many parts these parts are
|
| plays a vital role in increasing the per
| |
| | summurized as:
|
| capita income. But parallel to other
| |
| | * MAIN TANK:
|
| needs of industry electricity is also a
| |
| | It is the outer part of the transformer.
|
| need. No machine can run without it.
| |
| | The core with windings is fitted in the
|
| Similarly, now a days computer has become
| |
| | main tank. The LV and HV terminals are
|
| the part of every business office. It
| |
| | also taken out from the windings through
|
| needs too electric power. So if it does
| |
| | the holes provided in the main tank is
|
| not get electric power at appropriate
| |
| | required to support the windings and
|
| level it will not work and the smoothness
| |
| | transformer oil.
|
| business ends.
| |
| | * COOLING FINS:
|
| Different types of consumers needs
| |
| | Cooling fins are provided with the main
|
| different voltage levels of electric
| |
| | tank. These fins are small strips welded
|
| current. For example a commercial
| |
| | together t form a network of small hole
|
| consumer may need a voltage level of 11
| |
| | pipelies. These are connected from top to
|
| kv or 440 v or 6.6 KV while a residential
| |
| | bottom with main tank. The hot
|
| consumer needs power at level of 240 V.
| |
| | transformer oils the enters these fins
|
| For serving different consumers we cannot
| |
| | from the top and after cooled by natural
|
| give supply to them from different
| |
| | air striking the fins enter the main tank
|
| generating stations generating power at
| |
| | again from the bottom. So these fins are
|
| different levels. It is not convenient
| |
| | provided for the cooling of the
|
| and sometimes impossible. So it becomes a
| |
| | transformer oil.
|
| need to generate power at a level and to
| |
| | * CONSERVATOR TANK:
|
| transmit it to other stations at a higher
| |
| | Conservator tank is provided on the top
|
| level and distribute it to consumers at
| |
| | of the main tank and it is filled with
|
| different levels on the voltage level of
| |
| | transformer oil. It is connected directly
|
| their need.
| |
| | to the main tank body. The oil filling
|
| So at every step whether voltage level
| |
| | hole is kept closed after filling the oil
|
| should have to be increased or decreased
| |
| | in it. A hole is made for the connection
|
| we need a transformer. So the role of
| |
| | of breather with it on the top of the
|
| transformer in the transmission and
| |
| | conservator tank. It and main tank are
|
| distribution of electric power is very
| |
| | air tighted so that it can breath only
|
| important. The electric power is
| |
| | from the breather.
|
| generated at a level of 12-15 KV and is
| |
| | * BREATHER:
|
| stepped up to 220 KV or higher levels
| |
| | The breather is provided with the
|
| with the help of step up transformer. At
| |
| | conservator tank. The breather is
|
| the distribution stations it is stepped
| |
| | typically a glass vessel whase top outlet
|
| down to a lower level 66 KV and send to
| |
| | is connected to the conservator ad bottom
|
| substations and then further decreasing
| |
| | outlet is free to air. It is connected
|
| to 11 KV and 400V it is divided between
| |
| | vertically with the constervator tank.
|
| consumers with the help of stepdown
| |
| | The breather has two chambers top chamber
|
| transformer. So transformer has become a
| |
| | is filled with silicagel and bottom
|
| necessity due to its important role in
| |
| | chamber which is of bowl type is filled
|
| power transmission and distribution.
| |
| | with transformer oil. The air passes
|
| Transformer -In General
| |
| | through the breathers. The moisture
|
| Transformer is basically a static device
| |
| | present in the air is absorbed by the
|
| which is defined as a device which can
| |
| | silica gel. The dry air goes inside
|
| step up or step down the voltage level of
| |
| | conservator tank when needed. The
|
| A.C. applied to its primary. If the
| |
| | presence of moisture change colour of
|
| transformer is step up then the voltage
| |
| | silica gel from blue to pink.
|
| on secondary terminals will be high and
| |
| | * CORE:
|
| if the transformer is stepdown then the
| |
| | Core provides the main flux path the core
|
| voltage level on secondary terminals will
| |
| | is made up of CRGO (cold rolled grain
|
| be low. Any winding can be considered
| |
| | oriented) sheet steel. The CRGO steel
|
| secondary and primary so any transformer
| |
| | sheets are cut into small strips of
|
| may behave as stepup or step down
| |
| | appropriate size and shape the thickness
|
| transformer but it is possible only
| |
| | of the strips is 1-2 mm and width of
|
| theoretically it is not possible
| |
| | these is 1 to 2 inch the length of these
|
| practically on the behalf of insulation
| |
| | varies on the basis of rated KVA of the
|
| reasons. So transformers are wound for
| |
| | transformer.
|
| different types and for different voltage
| |
| | These strips are joined in a predescribed
|
| levels. For stepping up or down a voltage
| |
| | form. The limbs in the form are two for
|
| a suitable transformer should be choosed.
| |
| | single phase transformer and three for
|
| As said earlier transformer is a static
| |
| | three phase transformer.
|
| device. In the construction of it we have
| |
| | * WINDINGS:
|
| a core which is made up of steel sheet
| |
| | The primary and secondary windings of
|
| stampings these stampings are cut into
| |
| | transformer are wound on the winding
|
| many steps such as i.e. etc. and are them
| |
| | machines. The wires choosen for making
|
| assembled to have the complete core. On
| |
| | coils are generally of copper and
|
| this core the secondary and primary
| |
| | aluminium of SWG specified by the Indian
|
| windings are wound. Both the windings are
| |
| | Institutes of Standards.
|
| insulated from each other as well as from
| |
| | The LT windings are having a small dia
|
| the core. The no. of turns of primary and
| |
| | and are coiled in such a way to fit the
|
| secondary coils determines whether it is
| |
| | core limb smoothely. The HT winding is of
|
| step up transformer or step down
| |
| | large diameter as compared to the LT
|
| transformer. For stepup transformer
| |
| | winding. Here also the diameter is so
|
| secondary no. of turns should be more as
| |
| | choosen that the HT winding fits over the
|
| compared to primary. For step down
| |
| | LT winding coils alongwith insulation
|
| transformer these should be less.
| |
| | paper.
|
| Now these windings on the transformer are
| |
| | * BUSHINGS:
|
| immersed in the tank which is the
| |
| | Porceline bushings are provided on both
|
| mainbody of the transformer. The tank is
| |
| | sides of the transformer i.e. on HT and
|
| filled with oil and provided with fins
| |
| | LT side. These bushes are provided on the
|
| for cooling.
| |
| | transformer to insulate the high voltage
|
| The transformer oil gives two fold
| |
| | in touch with the main body of the
|
| results. It cools the windings and
| |
| | transformer. The HV cide bushings are
|
| insulate the winding from the main tank
| |
| | large in size as compared to the LV side
|
| body. The primary and secondary terminals
| |
| | because of the high voltage on HT Side.
|
| are made ready with the help of bushings.
| |
| | * ARCHING HORNS:
|
| Now when the voltage is given to the
| |
| | Arching horns are provided at the top and
|
| primary winding of the transformer a flux
| |
| | bottom of the HV and LV bushings. These
|
| gets produced, this flux alternating in
| |
| | are provided on HV bushings essentially.
|
| nature follows a path on the core and get
| |
| | The purpose of these is to have safe
|
| linked to the secondary winding hence a
| |
| | earthing of high voltage without any
|
| voltage is generated at the secondary
| |
| | damage to main transformer body in the
|
| winding.
| |
| | case of failure or breakage of the
|
| So a transformer is based on FARADAYS
| |
| | bushing. In such case the top and bottom
|
| LAWS OF ELECTROMAGNETIC INDUCTION.
| |
| | horns are joins together and so safe
|
| The voltage generated on the secondary
| |
| | earthing is achieved.
|
| depends on the secondary and primary no.
| |
| |
|